Multiple organ dysfunction due to a rare complication of Nuss procedure for pectus excavatum: A case report / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

A 19-year-old male patient who suffered from sudden and repeated multiple organ dysfunction syndrome one month after the bar removal procedure of Nuss surgery for pectus excavatum was admitted to our department. With organ function supportive treatment, the etiology was finally identified to be a bone spur located at the inner border of the left costa due to repeated friction between the implanted steel bar and the rib, which damaged the heart repeatedly and induced the consequent acute cardiac tamponade. After operation, the patient was successfully managed and discharged. Follow-ups till three years indicated a good recovery.

Potential contribution of the gut microbiota to hypoglycemia after gastric bypass surgery / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Obesity has become a global health problem. Lifestyle modification and medical treatment only appear to yield short-term weight loss. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is the most popular bariatric procedure, and it sustains weight reduction and results in the remission of obesity-associated comorbidities for obese individuals. However, patients who undergo this surgery may develop hypoglycemia. To date, the diagnosis is challenging and the prevalence of post-RYGB hypoglycemia (PRH) is unclear. RYGB alters the anatomy of the upper gastrointestinal tract and has a combined effect of caloric intake restriction and nutrient malabsorption. Nevertheless, the physiologic changes after RYGB are complex. Although hyperinsulinemia, incretin effects, dysfunction of β-cells and α-cells, and some other factors have been widely investigated and are reported to be possible mediators of PRH, the pathogenesis is still not completely understood. In light of the important role of the gut microbiome in metabolism, we hypothesized that the gut microbiome might also be a critical link between RYGB and hypoglycemia. In this review, we mainly highlight the current possible factors predisposing individuals to PRH, particularly related to the gut microbiota, which may yield significant insights into the intestinal regulation of glucose metabolic homeostasis and provide novel clues to improve the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Early-life nutrition and metabolic disorders in later life: a new perspective on energy metabolism / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic disorders have become an epidemic globally. However, the pathogenesis remains largely unclear and the prevention and treatment are still limited. In addition to environmental factors during adulthood, early life is the critical developmental window with high tissue plasticity, which might be modified by external environmental cues. Substantial evidence has demonstrated the vital role of early-life nutrition in programming the metabolic disorders in later life. In this review, we aim to overview the concepts of fetal programming and investigate the effects of early-life nutrition on energy metabolism in later life and the potential epigenetic mechanism. The related studies published on PubMed database up to March 2020 were included. The results showed that both maternal overnutrition and undernutrition increased the riskes of metabolic disorders in offspring and epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, miRNAs, and histone modification, might be the vital mediators. The beneficial effects of early-life lifestyle modifications as well as dietary and nutritional interventions on these deleterious metabolic remolding were initially observed. Overall, characterizing the early-life malnutrition that reshapes metabolic disease trajectories may yield novel targets for early prevention and intervention and provide a new point of view to the energy metabolism.

Expression of Adhesion Molecules CD44 and ICAM-1 in Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infected BALB/c Mice and the Related Mechanisms / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective To study the expression of adhesion molecules CD44 and ICAM-1 in BALB/c mice infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) and elucidate the relationship between MP and infection.Methods BALB/c mouse MP model was established by MP nasal instillation,and the pathological changes of lung in MP mice were observed.The expression levels of adhesion molecules CD44 and ICAM-1 in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of mice infected with 5,8,15,20 and 30d MP were determined by ELISA.Results Compared with the model group,MP infected BALB/c mice after lung inflammation was significantly up-regulated MP,the expression in BALB/c mice infected with the serum and bronchoalveolar layage fluid in CD44 and adhesion molecule ICAM 1 (t5 d serum CD44 =53.64 ng/L,t5 d BALF CD44 =144.3 ng/L;t5 d serum ICAM-1 =73.72 ng/L,t5 d BALF ICAM-1 =165.06 ng/L,all P＜ 0.000;t8 d serum CD44 =40.86 ng/L,t8 d BALF CD44 =21.31 ng/L;t8 d serum ICAM-1 =30.57 ng/L,t8 d BALF ICAM-1 =19.61 ng/L,all P＜0.000).The Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection increased the expression levels of adhesion molecules CD44 and ICAM-1 in mice.Conclusion After MP mice were cured,the expression of CD44 and ICAM-1 was down regulated,and the up regulation of CD44 and ICAM-1 expression might be related to the severity of MP pneumonia.

Association between Downregulation of PTPN12 Protein and Recurrence and Prognosis in Patients with Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the expression of non receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase 12 (PTPN12) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its adjacent tissues and investigate the relationship between the expression of non receptor protein and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods The expresson of PTPN12 protein in HCC tissues and adjacent liver tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry.The relationship between the expression of PTPN12 protein and prognosis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma was evaluated by rank correlation and Cox proportional hazards regression model.Results Compared with the adjacent liver tissues,the expression of PTPN12 protein in HCC tissues was significantly lower (55.83％ vs 43.12％,P＜0.005).Further analysis showed that the decreased expression of PTPN12 was closely related with tumor recurrence (x2 =4.346,P=0.015).Single factor analysis showed that the decreased expression of PTPN12 in hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cancer specific survival and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma related (x2=5.687,P＜0.001),and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis showed that the expression of PTPN12 in patients with liver cancer were independent prognostic factors (x2 =6.687,P＜0.05).Conclusion The expression of PTPN12 protein was down or absent in human hepatocellular carcinoma,and the expression of PTPN12 may be a biomarker for the recurrence and prognosis of HCC patients.

Larvicidal activity of recombinant Escherichia coli expressing scorpion neurotoxin AaIT or B.t.i toxin Cyt2Ba against mosquito larvae and formulations for enhancing the effects / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the larvicidal effects of recombinant Escherichia coli expressing scorpion neurotoxin AaIT or Bacillus thuringiensis subsp israelensis (B.t.i) toxin Cyt2Ba against the second instar larvae of Culex pipiensquinquefasciatus and Aedes albopictus and compare different formulations for their larvicidal effects.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The AaIT- or Cyt2Ba-coding sequences were cloned into pET28a(+) and the recombinant plasmids were transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3). After induction with IPTG, the recombinant proteins expressed by the recombinant E. coli were detected and identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting, respectively. The larvicidal activity of the bacterial suspension was tested at different concentrations against mosquitoes. The effective engineered bacteria were prepared into dry powder with different formulations, and their larvicidal activity was tested.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>AaIT and Cyt2Ba proteins were successfully expressed in E. coli. The recombinant AaIT protein showed no virulence to the mosquito larvae. The suspension of the recombinant E. coli expressing Cyt2Ba protein exhibited a stronger killing effect on Aedes albopictus larvae than on Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus larvae at 48 h (P<0.001) with LCof 3.00×10cells/mL and 1.25×10cells/mL, respectively. The dry powder of the engineered bacteria formulated with yeast extract, wheat flour or white pepper powder at the mass ratio of 1:1 showed the strongest killing effect on mosquito larvae (P=0.044), and the formulation with white pepper powder produced a stronger killing effect than formulations with yeast extract or wheat flour (P=0.002).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The B.t.i Cyt2Ba protein expressed in E. coli BL21(DE3) shows a good larvicidal activity against mosquitoes, and appropriate formulations of the engineered bacteria can enhance its efficiency in mosquito control.</p>

Methylation of miR-378 in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the methylation status of miR-378 promoter in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and to analyze its clinical significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The unmethylation level of miR-378 gene promoter in bone marrow mononuclear cells of 25 healthy donors and 53 patients with CML was detected by using real-time quantitative methylation-specific PCR (RQ-MSP).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The hypomethylation of miR-378 gene promoter was found in 17/53 (32.1%) patients, but only in 1/25 (4.0%) of controls. The difference between the two groups was very statistically significant (P < 0.01). The frequency of miR-378 unmethylation in CML patients at chronic phase (CP), accelerated phase (AP) and blastic phase (BP) was 35.0% (14/40), 40.0% (2/5), and 12.5% (1/8), respectively. However, there were no significant differences in the unmethylation level of miR-378 among CML patients at different sexes, stages and karyotypes. No significant differences could be observed in age, white blood cell counts, platelet count, hemoglobin level and BCR/ABL1 transcript level (P > 0.05). CONCLUDSION: The miR-378 hypomethylation is a common molecular event in CML, especially at chronic or accelerated phases.</p>

Efficacy observation of partial stapled transanal rectal resection combined with Bresler procedure in the treatment of rectocele and internal rectal intussusception / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy of partial stapled transanal rectal resection (part-STARR) combined with Bresler procedure in the treatment of obstructed defecation syndrome (ODS) associated with rectocele and internal rectal intussusception(IRI), and compare with STARR.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A randomized controlled study from January 2013 to December 2014 was undertaken. Sixty female patients with ODS caused by rectocele and IRI were prospectively enrolled and randomly divided into trial group (29 cases) receiving part-STARR combined with Bresler procedure, and control group (31 cases) undergoing STARR only. For patients in trial group, two thirds of posterior rectal wall were stapled with STARR methods and one third of anterior with Bresler procedure, while for those in control group, only STARR was performed. Intra-operational status, postoperative complications, Wexner constipation score and patient satisfaction 3 months and 6 months after operation, and rectocele defecography 6 months after operation were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average operation time of trial group was longer than that of control group [(31.2±5.4) minutes vs. (28.7±4.0) minutes, t=2.127, P=0.038]. There were no significant differences in intra-operative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay and complications(pain, postoperative bleeding, rectovaginal fistula, feeling of tenesmus and swelling) between the two methods(all P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the Wexner score of constipation between the two groups before operation and 3 months after operation (6.72±1.19 vs. 7.32±1.25, t=-1.896, P=0.063), while the Wexner score of trial group was significantly lower 6 months after operation (6.90±1.42 vs. 7.74±1.26, t=-2.463, P=0.018). Patient satisfaction between two groups was not significantly different 3 months after operation(χ(2)=5.743, P=0.125), while trial group had better satisfaction 6 months after operation[93.1%(27/29) vs. 67.7%(21/31), χ(2)=8.247, P=0.041]. There was no difference in depth of rectocele on defecography between the two groups before operation, while rectocele was significantly improved 6 months after operation [(0.7±0.2) cm vs. (0.9±0.2) cm, t=2.527, P=0.014].</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Partial STARR combined with Bresler procedure in the treatment of ODS associated with rectocele and IRI has better efficacy than STARR only.</p>

Mechanism of radiotherapy sensitization of curcumin on rectal cancer cells / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To elucidate the mechanism of curcumin in radiotherapy sensitization for colorectal cancer cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Colorectal cancer HT-29 cells were cultured and treated with radiation and curcumin. MTT method was used to detect the cell growth inhibition. Then the high-throughput microarray was used to detect the differences in gene expression levels for each test group to identify differentially expressed genes, and each differential gene was validated by Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Cell growth inhibition rates at 48-hour and 72-hour in curcumin combined with radiotherapy group were significantly higher than those in simple radiotherapy group (P<0.05). Expression of 95 genes associated with gene-injury repair was detected by microarray. Compared to simple radiotherapy group, LIG4 and PNKP expression was down-regulated, and XRCC5 and CCNH expression was up-regulated in the curcumin combined with radiotherapy group (all P<0.05). Western blotting revealed LIG4 and PNKP protein expression decreased, and XRCC5 and CCNH protein expression increased in the curcumin combined with radiotherapy group as compared to the simple radiotherapy group (all P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Radiation sensitization effect of curcumin on colorectal cancer cells HT-29 may be associated with the regulation of genes of CCNH, LIG4, XRCC5, PNKP.</p>

Intracranial atherosclerotic middle cerebral arterial stenosis research based on 3.0 Tesla high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging: recent progress / 南方医科大学学报

Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) of a major intracranial artery, including middle cerebral artery (MCA),basilar artery, is the most common causes of stroke and is associated with a high risk of recurrent stroke in China. The difficulty to treatment these high-risk disease is to identify high-risk stroke subgroups and to develop more effective treatments (aggressive medical therapy/endovascular therapy). With the benefits, including non-invasive, in vivo, and no-ionizing radiation, 3.0 Tesla high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR MRI) could be used to stratify high-risk patients, monitor progression of disease, and evaluate clinical efficacy, based on MCA wall structure and plaque characteristic. HR MRI has the latency of predicting high-risk patients benefit from endovascular therapy, having a broad application prospect during psot-SAMMPRIS era. The current research on MCA stenosis using HR MRI focuses on methodoiogy, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, etiology, and lacks of clinical efficiency evaluation and prognostic analysis of ICAD treatment, especially lacks the research on in-stent restenosis, which needs further investigation.

Expressions of Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha-induced Protein 3 and Mammary Serine Protease Inhibitor in Radiotherapy of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expressions of tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3(TNFAIP3) and mammary serine protease inhibitor (Maspin) in the radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and explore the differences in radiosensitivity and radioresistance,the relation with the occurrence and development of radioresistance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The TNFAIP3 and Maspin mRNA expressions were detected by using TNFAIP3 and Maspin multi-point labeled DIG probes in situ hybridization.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In radiosensitivity and radioresistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma,the moderately and strongly positive TNFAIP3 mRNA expression rates were 27.50% and 48.33% (P=0.037), and the moderately and strongly positive Maspin mRNA expression rates were 67.50% and 46.67% (P=0.040). In the radioresistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma,TNFAIP3 mRNA moderately and strongly positive expressions were positively correlated with TNM stage (P=0.005). In distant metastasis and no distant metastasis (70.00% and 37.50%, P=0.018), the expression rates had statistical significance. The Maspin mRNA moderately and strongly positive expressions were positively correlated with TNM stage (P=0.039) and T stage (P=0.021). In distant metastasis and no distant metastasis (65.00% and 37.50%, P=0.044), the expression rates had statistical significance.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TNFAIP3 may be involved in the development of radioresistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma,and Maspin may be related with the invasion and metastasis of radioresistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma.</p>

Distribution characteristics of basic syndromes of chronic functional constipation and its related factors analysis / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the distribution characteristics of basic syndromes and its related factors in patients with chronic functional constipation (CFC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The complete data of 538 patients with CFC were collected and initial database was established with Epidata 3. 0. TCM syndrome typing was performed. The distribution characteristics of basic syndromes were analyzed using SPSS 17. 0 Software. The univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were performed with SPSS 17. 0 Software to determine basic syndrome related factors such as age, engaged professionals, sleep quality, depression, mental stress, interpersonal relations, work fatigue, stimulating beverage, exercise conditions, Western medicine type of constipation, and so on.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The TCM syndrome frequency of CFC patients was sequenced from high to low as qi deficiency syndrome (380 cases, 70.6%), qi stagnation syndrome (337 cases, 62.6%), blood deficiency syndrome (234 cases, 43.5%), yin deficiency syndrome (220 cases, 40.9%), yang deficiency syndrome (197 cases, 36.6%), and others(58 cases, 10. 8%) . Most patients were complicated with complex syndromes, and the most common complex syndromes were qi deficiency complicated qi stagnation syndrome (275 cases, 51.1%) and qi deficiency complicated blood deficiency syndrome (222 cases, 41.3%). Aging, work fatigue, and exercise conditions were main related factors for qi deficiency syndrome (P <0. 01, P <0. 05). Poor emotional (depression and anxiety tendencies), mental stress, interpersonal relations, defecation barriers constipation were main related factors for qi stagnation syndrome (P <0.01). Sleep quality and poor emotional (depression and anxiety tendencies) were main related factors for blood deficiency syndrome (P <0. 01, P < 0.05). Stimulating beverages were main related factor for yin deficiency syndrome (P <0.05). Engaged in mental work and slow transit constipation were main related factors for yang deficiency syndrome (P < 0. 01, P <0. 05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>CFC is featured as complex syndromes. The most common complex syndromes were qi deficiency complicated qi stagnation syndrome and qi deficiency complicated blood deficiency syndrome. Basic syndrome related factors such as age, engaged professionals, sleep quality, poor emotional (depression and anxiety tendencies), mental stress, interpersonal relations, work fatigue, stimulating beverage, exercise conditions, Western medicine type of constipation were associated with the distribution of CFC syndromes.</p>

Transanal endoscopic microsurgery by transanal glove port combined with colonoscopy for excision of rectal tumors / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) by transanal glove port combined with colonoscopy for excision of rectal tumors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eight patients with rectal cancer eligible for local resection were chosen to receive a procedure performed via a "glove TEM port" from October 2012 to March 2013. This device was constructed on-table using a circular anal dilator (CAD), standard surgical glove, colonoscopy instruments and straight laparoscopic instruments.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Procedures of all the patients were completed successfully by glove TEM. The median (range) diameter of tumor was 2.6(1.5-3.5) cm, the median (range) operative time was 55.6(30-110) min. Postoperative pathology included villous adenomas (n=3), tubular adenomas (n=2), tubulovillous adenomas (n=2), serrated adenoma (n=1), low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (n=2), and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (n=1). All resection margins were negative. Two patients presented with postoperative minor bleeding. There were no serious intraoperative complications. No cancer recurrence was found during a follow-up of 1-5 (median 3.1) months.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Transanal endoscopic microsurgery by transanal glove port combined with colonoscopy in the treatment of early rectal cancer is easy and safe.</p>

Evaluation of anal function and quality of life after transanal endoscopic microsurgery / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the impact of transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) on postoperative anal function and quality of life in patients with benign rectal tumor and early rectal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 50 patients with rectal adenoma and early rectal cancer undergoing transanal endoscopic microsurgery in our hospital from October 2008 to June 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Anorectal manometry, endorectal ultrasonography (ERUS), the fecal incontinence severity index (FISI), and the physical and mental health status scores (SF-36) were used to evaluate preoperative and postoperative anorectal function and quality of life.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Anorectal manometry indicated anal resting pressure (ARP), maximum squeeze pressure (MSP), rectal volume at sensory threshold(RVST), maximum tolerable volume(MTV) decreased significantly at the first month after surgery (P<0.05). MSP returned to preoperative level at the 3rd month (P>0.05). ARP and MTV returned to normal values at the 6th month (P>0.05). RVST returned to normal values at the 9th month (P>0.05). Recto-anal inhibitory reflex(RAIR) was absent in 1 (2%) patient preoperatively and in 30(60%), 18(36%), 7(14%), 2(4%) at the 1st, 3rd, 6th, 9th months after surgery respectively. ERUS showed similar width and thickness of internal sphincter at 1st and 6th month after surgery compared with preoperative measures (P>0.05). Six months after surgery, the mean FISI score decreased(preoperative vs postoperative:8.5 vs 5.8, P<0.05), suggesting an improvement in fecal continence. However, the overall quality of life did not danger significantly after surgery(P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>TEM has little impact on anorectal anatomic structure. Anal function may be compromised in the short-term, however the vast majority of patients recover completely after 6-9 months. TEM is a safe, effective and minimally invasive surgery.</p>

Therapeutic Observation of Acupoint Thread Embedding in Alleviating PainAfter Milligan-Morgan for Mixed Hemorrhoids / 上海针灸杂志

ObejectiveTo evaluate the efficacyofacupointthread embedding in easing painafterMilligan-Morgan(M-M)for mixed hemorrhoids.MethodSixty patients undergone M-M for mixed hemorrhoids were randomized into a treatment group of 30 cases and a control group of 30 cases. After M-M, patients in the treatment group received thread embedding at Changqiang (GV1) and bilateral Zhibian (BL54), while the control groupdidn’treceive any intervention. The onset time of post-operative pain, average pain index within a week, and pain index after defecation, electromyogram (EMG), change of anal canal pressure, patients’ satisfaction, and adverse-event rate were observed.ResultThe average pain index and pain index after defecation in the treatment group were significantly lower than that in the control group (P0.05). According to the motor unit potential (MUP) analysis, there were significant differences in comparing the amplitude (Ampl) and Ar/Am of the restingphase between the two groups (P0.05). There were significant differences in comparing the patients’satisfaction, adverse-event rate, and use of analgesics between the two groups (P<0.05). ConclusionAcupoint thread embedding can produce a content analgesic effect, and it’s safe and reliable.

Expression of RAGE-1 gene in acute myeloid leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

The purpose of this study was to detect the expression of RAGE-1 transcript in the bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and to investigate the relationship of RAGE-1 expression level with clinical variables. The expression level of RAGE-1 gene in BMMNC from 94 newly diagnosed AML patients was measured using RQ-PCR. The relationship between RAGE-1 expression level and clinical parameters (age, sex, blood cell counts, diagnosis and prognosis) was investigated, and the levels of RAGE-1 expression were compared in patients before and after treatment. The results showed that overexpression of RAGE-1 transcript was found in 28% (26/94) AML patients (1.34 - 16.34, median 3.07). No significant difference was observed in sex, age, blood parameters and FAB subtypes between the groups with and without RAGE-1 overexpression. There was also no significant difference in the frequency of RAGE-1 overexpression among different cytogenetic risk groups and among the patients with different types of karyotypes. The level of RAGE-1 transcript significantly decreased in those patients obtained complete remission after treatment. The overall survival of AML patients with RAGE-1 overexpression was similar as that in those without RAGE-1 overexpression. It is concluded that RAGE-1 overexpression is a common event in AML, but has no impact on the prognosis of patients.

Reduced expression of PDLIM4 gene correlates with good prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to investigate the expression pattern of gene PDLIM4 (PDZ and LIM domain 4) and analyze its clinical correlation with the patients suffered from acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The expression pattern of PDLIM4 in AML was detected by using EvaGreen real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR). The results showed that the PDLIM4 transcript significantly decreased in 94 AML patients, compared with 21 controls (P < 0.01). The decrease of PDLIM4 transcript was found in 42 (45%) AML patients. PDLIM4 low-expression occurred among the subtypes of M1/M2/M3 more frequently than that in M4/M5/M6 (56% vs 20%, P < 0.01). AML patients with PDLIM4 low-expression had an overall survival (OS) higher than that in AML patients without PDLIM4 low-expression (P < 0.05). Analysis with receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) displayed that PDLIM4 expression possesses the diagnostic value to differentiate AML from controls, with ROC curve area of 0.865 (95% CI: 0.801-0.930). It is concluded that reduced PDLIM4 expression is a common and favorable event for the good prognosis in AML, and can be used as a potential diagnostic biomarker of cancer.

Ulinastatin combined with thymosin α1 for treatment of severe sepsis: a histopathological observation in rats / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the therapeutic effect of ulinastatin combined with thymosin α1 in the treatment of severe sepsis in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Normal Wistar rats were subject to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) to establish models of severe sepsis. The rats were then randomized into 4 groups for treatment with saline (control), ulinastatin, thymosin α1, or the combination of the latter two injected through the caudal vein or subcutaneously at 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after modeling. The mortality rate was recorded daily and the rats were executed at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after CLP to harvest the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and small intestines for pathological examination. The spleen of the rats were taken for detection of apoptosis of the spleen cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mortality rate of the septic rats in the combined treatment group was decreased significantly (P=0.0325). The control group showed the most severe organ damage, which was moderate in single drug treatment group and the mildest in combined treatment group. Obvious spleen cell apoptosis was found in the control group, and was significantly ameliorated in the combined treatment group[(47.4∓10.9)% vs (39.3∓11.4)%, P=0.0000].</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Combined treatment with ulinastatin and thymosin α1 can significantly improve the prognosis and ameliorate organ damage and spleen cell apoptosis in rats with sever sepsis.</p>

Changes of etiology of chronic sinusitis / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore etiology distribution changes of chronic naso sinusitis.@*METHOD@#The purulent discharges taken from the maxillary sinus and posterior ethmoid sinus of 111 patients during endoscopic sinus surgery were cultured for both bacteria and fungi as experimental group. In the control group, the discharges of the nasal cavity from 30 healthy adults were also cultured for bacteria. The culture results were compared with data of 2005, and changes in the distribution of pathogenic microorganisms were analyzed.@*RESULT@#Fifteen species, including Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus viridans, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans, were cultured from the testing group. The total positive rate of bacteria was 81.8%. The detectable rates of Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and various fungi were 37.8%, 54.4%, 7.8% respectively. Five species including Staphylococcus epidermidis, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus viridans, Branhamella catarrhalis and Staphylococcus aureus etc were cultured from the control group. There was significant differences between 2005 and 2010 in experimental group (chi2 = 0.009, P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Bacterial infection is a major reason for chronic sinusitis. The bacteria distribution structure changed from the original gram-positive bacteria to gram-negative bacteria. Fungal infections can not be ignored. To bacteria culture and drug sensitivity test should be done before antibiotic treatment.

Effect of hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) on proliferation and apoptosis of rat hepatic stellate cells / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) on proliferation and apoptosis of rat hepatic stellate cells (HSC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rat HSC line (HSC-T6) and rat hepatocyte line (BRL-3A) were treated with different concentrations of HCPT (0, 0.008, 0.016, 0.031, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 mg/L respectively) for 24 h. Cell proliferation was assessed by MTT colorimetric assay, apoptosis was detected with PI staging followed by flow cytometry, and by DNA ladder assay. The morphological change of apoptosis was observed under transmission electron microscopy (TEM).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MTT assay indicated that HCPT significantly inhibited the proliferation of HSC-T6 and BRL-3A in a dose-dependent manner. 24 h after the treatment with different concentrations of HCPT (0.25, 0.5, 1 mg/L), the apoptosis rate (13.46%+/-2.42%, 26.25%+/-5.65%, 47.05%+/-8.76%, respectively) in HSC-T6 was significantly higher than that in control cells (4.89%+/-1.80%, F = 34.24, P less than 0.01). 24 h after 0.5 mg/L HCPT treatment, cell shrinkage, nucleoli disappearance, chromatin condensation were found under TEM, and DNA ladder was demonstrated by agarose gel electrophoresis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HCPT could significantly inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of HSC-T6 in a dose-dependent manner.</p>